Source and Classification
(1) Natural monomer spices
Extraction and separation from plants and animals: Plant sources: such as citronellol in rose essential oil and menthol (menthol) in mint. Animal sources: such as musk ketone in musk (now mostly replaced by artificial synthesis). Limitations: The cost of natural extraction is high, the yield is low, and some involve ethical issues (such as musk).
(2) Synthetic monomer fragrances
Prepared by chemical synthesis or biological fermentation: Synthetic fragrances: such as vanillin (vanilla scent), benzyl acetate (jasmine scent). Biosynthesis: Production catalyzed by microorganisms or enzymes (such as sandalwood). Advantages: Low cost, large output, and strong sustainability.